投资 · 西方古典
托斯丹·凡勃伦：有闲阶级论·摘录 98
托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资
These two broad principles of conspicuous waste and industrial exemption affect the cultural development both by guiding men's habits of thought, and so controlling the growth of institutions, and by selectively conserving certain traits of human nature that conduce to facility of life under the leisure-class scheme, and so controlling the effective temper of the community. The proximate tendency of the institution of a leisure class in shaping human character runs in the direction of spiritual survival and reversion. Its effect upon the temper of a community is of the nature of an arrested spiritual development. In the later culture especially, the institution has, on the whole, a conservative trend. This proposition is familiar enough in substance, but it may to many have the appearance of novelty in its present application. Therefore a summary review of its logical grounds may not be uncalled for, even at the risk of some tedious repetition and formulation of commonplaces.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位：Excerpt 98 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
conspicuous waste（炫耀性消费）和 industrial exemption（免于工业劳动）这两大原则，通过引导思维习惯来控制制度成长，又通过筛选保留适应有闲阶级生活的特质，从而控制社群气质。有闲阶级制度塑造人性的直接趋势是精神上的幸存与返祖，其效果是精神发展停滞。尤其在后期文化中，该制度总体上是保守的。这个观点实质不新，但应用起来可能显得新颖，所以值得梳理其逻辑依据。
上下文
凡勃伦在《有闲阶级论》中分析有闲阶级制度对文化发展的保守影响。
今日一问
你所在的组织或圈子，有哪些看似“体面”的惯例其实在阻碍进步？
公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
你的邮箱
只用于发送原典。不发广告，不卖名单。
本文本为公版；底本与原文链接见上。 版权