事业 · 创业者自述

塞缪尔·斯迈尔斯:自助论·摘录 57

塞缪尔·斯迈尔斯《自助论》· Self-Help · 领导

The Luddites seem to have been encouraged by the lenity of the sentences pronounced on such of their confederates as had been apprehended and tried; and, shortly after, the mania broke out afresh, and rapidly extended over the northern and midland manufacturing districts. The organization became more secret; an oath was administered to the members binding them to obedience to the orders issued by the heads of the confederacy; and the betrayal of their designs was decreed to be death. All machines were doomed by them to destruction, whether employed in the manufacture of cloth, calico, or lace; and a reign of terror began which lasted for years. In Yorkshire and Lancashire mills were boldly attacked by armed rioters, and in many cases they were wrecked or burnt; so that it became necessary to guard them by soldiers and yeomanry. The masters themselves were doomed to death; many of them were assaulted, and some were murdered. At length the law was vigorously set in motion; numbers of the misguided Luddites were apprehended; some were executed; and after several years’ violent commotion from this cause, the machine-breaking riots were at length quelled.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/935
定位:Excerpt 57 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

卢德分子见同伙被抓后判得轻,胆子更大,不久骚乱再起,迅速蔓延到北部和中部工业区。组织更秘密,入会要宣誓服从头目命令,泄密者处死。他们见机器就砸,不管织布、印花布还是蕾丝机;恐怖统治持续多年。约克郡和兰开夏的工厂被武装暴徒公然袭击,许多被毁被烧,只好派军队和义勇骑兵守卫。厂主也被列入死亡名单,多人遭袭,有的被杀。最后法律强力介入,大批卢德分子被捕,部分被处决,几年动乱后才平息。核心是:暴力毁机器解决不了失业焦虑,只会招来更严镇压。

上下文

《自助》讲述19世纪初英国卢德运动,工人因害怕机器取代工作而组织破坏机器,遭政府镇压。

今日一问

面对新技术带来的职业焦虑,你觉得个人和社会怎样应对,比砸机器更有效?

公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

本文本为公版;底本与原文链接见上。 版权

← 返回原文库