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霍华德·马克斯:风险·第6则

霍华德·马克斯《《风险》》· Risk · 投资 · 决策 · 行动 · 财富

The bottom line is that investment risk comes in many forms. Many risks matter to some investors but not to others, and they may make a given investment seem safe for some investors but risky for others. Rejecting risk as synonymous with volatility, as I do, eliminates the one measure of risk that’s entirely quantifiable, objective and absolute. This, in turn, makes it hard to argue that the market’s an efficient machine that precisely assesses the risk of each investment and allocates prospective return proportionately.

出处: https://www.oaktreecapital.com/docs/default-source/memos/2006-01-19-risk.pdf
定位:Memo, excerpt 6 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

说到底,投资风险有很多种,同一种风险对不同的人意义完全不同,所以同一笔投资在甲看来安全,在乙看来却很危险。马克斯拒绝把风险和波动率画等号,代价是失去了唯一一个完全可量化、客观又绝对的衡量标准。可正因为这样,市场是台精确评估每项投资风险、并按风险分配预期收益的高效机器这个说法,就站不住脚了。取舍很清楚:要么用一个好算但失真的指标,要么承认风险主观、难以精确度量。

上下文

马克斯在《风险》结尾总结:风险形式多样且因人而异,否定波动率等于风险会动摇有效市场假说的根基。

今日一问

你评估风险时,是否只盯着一个容易量化的数字?

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