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霍华德·马克斯:再谈风险·第3则

霍华德·马克斯《《再谈风险》》· Risk Revisited Again · 投资 · 认知 · 哲学 · 领导

The economist Hyman Minsky has reminded us, “Each state nurtures forces that lead to its own destruction.” All of history testifies to the truth of this observation. Greater liquidity [by which Bernstein meant greater availability of funds] leads firms to borrow more than before. But higher levels of debt mean increasing vulnerability to adversity and negative shocks in an ever-changing world. For these reasons, as Minsky put it, stability leads inevitably to instability. . . . Even places that were once banana-republics, like Argentina and Brazil, are issuing long-term bonds and even issuing bonds denominated in foreign currencies.

出处: https://www.oaktreecapital.com/docs/default-source/memos/2015-06-08-risk-revisited-again.pdf
定位:Memo, excerpt 3 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

经济学家明斯基有个著名判断:每种状态都会养出把自己推向毁灭的力量。市场资金充裕时,企业借钱更容易,于是借得比以前多;可债务越高,遇到意外冲击时就越脆弱。所以稳定本身会埋下不稳定的种子,繁荣越久,人们越敢冒险,风险也就积得越厚。连阿根廷、巴西这类曾经债务记录很差的国家都能发长期债、发外币债,往往正是风险偏好过头的信号。

上下文

出自马克斯2015年的投资备忘录,他引用明斯基的观点,提醒读者繁荣本身会滋生下一轮危机。

今日一问

你所在的环境里,哪些“一切正常”的迹象可能正在积累风险?

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