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霍华德·马克斯:再谈风险·第9则

霍华德·马克斯《《再谈风险》》· Risk Revisited Again · 投资 · 财富 · 决策 · 领导

As the graphic at the bottom of page 8 illustrates, however, investing further out on the risk curve exposes one to a broader range of investment outcomes. In an efficient market, returns are tethered to the market average; in an inefficient market, they’re not. Inefficient markets offer the possibility that an investor will escape from the “gravitational pull” of the market’s average return, but that can be either for the better or for the worse. Superior investors – those with “alpha,” or the personal skill needed to achieve outsized returns for a given level of risk – have scope to perform well above the mean return, while inferior investors can come out far below. So hiring an investment manager introduces manager risk: the risk of picking the wrong one.

出处: https://www.oaktreecapital.com/docs/default-source/memos/2015-06-08-risk-revisited-again.pdf
定位:Memo, excerpt 9 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

越往风险曲线上方走,可能的结果就越分散:在有效市场里,收益被拴在市场平均附近,很难跑开;在无效市场里,这个束缚松了,你有可能摆脱平均回报的引力,但方向可能是更好,也可能是更差。真正有本事的投资者,也就是具备阿尔法、能在给定风险下做出超额收益的人,有机会远高于平均;水平差的则会远低于平均。所以把钱交给基金经理,本身就多了一层经理风险:你可能挑错了人。

上下文

霍华德·马克斯是橡树资本联合创始人,这是他谈风险的文章,讨论风险与收益分布的关系。

今日一问

你选基金经理时,有没有把挑错人的风险算进整体风险里?

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