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爱比克泰德:论说集与手册·摘录 96
爱比克泰德《论说集与手册》· Discourses and Enchiridion · 健康 · 行动 · 哲学 · 认知
Duties are universally measured by relations ([Greek: tais schsesi]). Is a man a father? The precept is to take care of him, to yield to him in all things, to submit when he is reproachful, when he inflicts blows. But suppose that he is a bad father. Were you then by nature made akin to a good father? No; but to a father. Does a brother wrong you? Maintain then your own position towards him, and do not examine what he is doing, but what you must do that your will shall be conformable to nature. For another will not damage you, unless you choose: but you will be damaged then when you shall think that you are damaged. In this way then you will discover your duty from the relation of a neighbor, from that of a citizen, from that of a general, if you are accustomed to contemplate the relations.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/10661
定位:Excerpt 96 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
责任要按关系来衡量。他是父亲,你就该照顾他、顺从他,他责备甚至动手时也要忍耐。但假如他是个坏父亲呢?你并不是因为“好父亲”才与他相连,而是因为“父亲”这个关系。兄弟对不起你,你仍要守住自己作为兄弟的位置,别盯着他做了什么,只问自己该做什么才符合自然。别人伤不了你,除非你选择;你觉得受伤,才是真受伤。把这种眼光用到邻居、公民、下属等关系上,你就能看清自己的本分。
上下文
斯多亚派用“关系”来定义义务:父子、兄弟、公民各有其分。爱比克泰德强调履行自己的角色,而不以对方的表现作为条件。
健康板块的原文与白话解读仅供阅读学习,不构成医疗建议。
今日一问
在一段让你失望的关系里,你能否先不问“他做得对不对”,而问“我该怎么做”?
公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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