At length he came to me with the compliment that he found there was no such thing as carrying a public-spirited project through without my being concern'd in it. "For," says he, "I am often ask'd by those to whom I…
At length he came to me with the compliment that he found there was no such thing as carrying a public-spirited project through without my being concern'd in it. "For," says he, "I am often ask'd by those to whom I…
At length he came to me with the compliment that he found there was no such thing as carrying a public-spirited project through without my being concern'd in it. "For," says he, "I am often ask'd by those to whom I…
Understanding that Colonel French had brought on board the governor's despatches, I ask'd the captain for those letters that were to be under my care. He said all were put into the bag together and he could not then…
Benjamin Franklin《The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin》· Part Two, the Art of Virtue · Philosophy · Character · Human nature
In this piece it was my design to explain and enforce this doctrine, that vicious actions are not hurtful because they are forbidden, but forbidden because they are hurtful, the nature of man alone considered; that it was, therefore, every one's interest to be virtuous who wish'd to be happy even in this world.
Morality rests on harm, not merely on prohibition.
Context
Franklin argued that vicious actions are not harmful merely because they are forbidden; they are forbidden because they are harmful to human flourishing. Morality, on this view, rests on an understanding of consequences rather than fear of punishment. The claim appears in his Autobiography's discussion of the Art of Virtue.
Today's question
Do you follow a rule because you fear punishment—or because you understand why it harms people?