Adam Smith：The Wealth of Nations, Book I, Chapter VIII, Paragraph 190

Such cases, however, are not very frequent; and in every part of Europe twenty workmen serve under a master for one that is independent, and the wages of labour are everywhere understood to be, what they usually are, when the labourer is one person, and the owner of the stock which employs him another.

Source： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/3300
Locator：Book I, Chapter VIII, paragraph 190 · Verified：2026-10-19 · Verification：Exact match

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