Adam Smith：The Wealth of Nations, Book II, Chapter II, Paragraph 757

Over and above the expenses which are common to every branch of trade, such as the expense of house-rent, the wages of servants, clerks, accountants, etc. the expenses peculiar to a bank consist chiefly in two articles: first, in the expense of keeping at all times in its coffers, for answering the occasional demands of the holders of its notes, a large sum of money, of which it loses the interest; and, secondly, in the expense of replenishing those coffers as fast as they are emptied by answering such occasional demands.

Source： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/3300
Locator：Book II, Chapter II, paragraph 757 · Verified：2026-10-19 · Verification：Exact match

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