本杰明·富兰克林自传·补录 119 · 本杰明·富兰克林

In 1739 arrived among us from Ireland the Reverend Mr. Whitefield, who had made himself remarkable there as an itinerant preacher. He was at first permitted to preach in some of our churches; but the clergy, taking a dislike to him, soon refus'd him their pulpits, and he was oblig'd to preach in the fields. The multitudes of all sects and denominations that attended his sermons were enormous, and it was matter of speculation to me, who was one of the number, to observe the extraordinary influence of his oratory on his hearers, and how much they admir'd and respected him, notwithstanding his common abuse of them, by assuring them that they were naturally half beasts and half devils. It was wonderful to see the change soon made in the manners of our inhabitants. From being thoughtless or indifferent about religion, it seem'd as if all the world were growing religious, so that one could not walk thro' the town in an evening without hearing psalms sung in different families of every street.

出处： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/148
定位：Additional excerpt 119 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录

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1739年，怀特菲尔德牧师从爱尔兰来到费城，以巡回布道闻名。起初一些教堂允许他讲道，但教士们不喜欢他，很快拒绝借出讲坛，他只好在野外布道。各教派大批听众前来，富兰克林也是其中之一。他观察到怀特菲尔德口才非凡，即使他常骂听众“半兽半魔”，人们仍钦佩尊敬他。更惊人的是，居民风气很快改变，从对宗教漠不关心变得虔诚，晚上走在街上都能听到家家唱赞美诗。

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出自《富兰克林自传》，记录1739年怀特菲尔德在费城的布道热潮。

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你见过哪种表达或行动，能让人群在短时间内发生明显改变？

公版传记；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

健康 · 龚廷贤《寿世保元》

妄见鬼神。一切潮热。及风中厥逆。牙关紧闭。并可治之。 \x三圣散\x 防风（去芦三两）瓜蒂（炒二两）藜芦（去苗加减用或一两或半两或二两）上爲粗末。每服五錢。用齑汁二盏煎三沸。滤于大碗中。再用齑一盏。煎渣三沸。却入先煎藥同熬三沸。澄清。候温。徐徐投下。不必尽剂。吐。如吐不止。煎葱白湯咽三五口。立解如不吐。再加服之。如服藥多。不吐出涎。再饮齑汁盐湯各一二盏投之。如不出。以光钗喉中探引。即出矣。须用白盆一个。黑盆不见涎形状。吐出青…

三圣散是攻邪的猛药，用防风发汗、瓜蒂泻下、藜芦催吐，汗吐下三法并行。适用于胡言乱语见鬼神、潮热、中风昏厥牙关紧闭等实证。但禁忌很多：小儿、久病体虚、吐血者、病证不明者都不能用。用法：每次五钱，用齑汁煎煮，滤清后温服，慢慢喝下，不必喝完，以吐出青黄涎沫二三升为见效。吐后吃温白粥调养。若吐不止，喝葱白汤解；若不吐，可再服或饮齑汁盐汤，或用钗探喉引吐。

投资 · 陈梦雷等（编）《钦定古今图书集成·食货典》

其令占官地十頃以上者，皆」括籍入官，將均賜貧民。省臣又奏：椿年猛安、三合、故太師耨盌溫敦思忠、孫長壽等親屬計七十餘家，所占地三千餘頃。上曰：「至秋除牛頭地外，仍各給十頃，餘皆拘入官。山後招討司所括者，亦當同此也。」又謂宰臣曰：「山東路所括民田，已分給女直屯田人戶，復有籍官閒地，依元數還民，仍免租稅。」六月，上謂省臣曰：「近者大興府、平、灤、薊、通、順等州經水災之地，免今年租稅。不罹水災者，姑停夏稅，俟稔歲徵之。」時中都大水，而濱、棣等…

世宗下令：占官地十顷以上者，全部登记入官，均赐贫民。省臣奏纳合椿年、三合、故太师耨盌温敦思忠、孙长寿等亲属七十余家，占地三千余顷。世宗说：到秋天除牛头地外，各给十顷，余皆没收；山后招讨司所括也照此。又对宰臣说：山东所括民田已分给女直屯田户，剩余籍官闲地按原数还民，免租税。六月，免大兴府、平、滦、蓟、通、顺等州水灾地今年租税；未受灾的暂停夏税，待丰年再征。中都大水，而滨、棣等州及山后大熟，命修怀来以南道路招徕籴者，又命都城减价粜粮。

事业 · 司馬光《资治通鉴》

章邯狐疑，陰使候始成使項羽，欲約。約未成，項羽使蒲將日夜引兵度三戶，軍漳南，與秦軍戰，再破之。項羽悉引兵擊秦軍汙水上，大破之。章邯使人見項羽，欲約。項羽召軍吏謀曰：「糧少，欲聽其約。」軍吏皆曰：「善。」項羽乃與期洹水殷虛上。已盟，章邯見項羽而流涕，為言趙高。項羽乃立章邯為雍王，置楚軍中，使長史欣為上將軍，將秦軍為前行。

章邯犹豫不决，暗中派人和项羽接触想谈和。项羽先派蒲将军渡河，两次击败秦军，又在汙水上大破秦军。章邯再派人求和，项羽召集部下商量，因为粮草不足，大家同意接受。双方在洹水边盟誓，章邯见到项羽痛哭，诉说赵高如何逼迫。项羽封章邯为雍王，留在楚军中，让长史欣统领秦军作前锋。核心是：谈判的筹码来自战场上的实际胜利；项羽能接受和谈，是因为自己粮少，也因对方已被打服。

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