投资 · 西方古典
大卫·李嘉图：政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 105
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
As population increases, these necessaries will be constantly rising in price, because more labour will be necessary to produce them. If, then, the money wages of labour should fall, whilst every commodity on which the wages of labour were expended rose, the labourer would be doubly affected, and would be soon totally deprived of subsistence. Instead, therefore, of the money wages of labour falling, they would rise; but they would not rise sufficiently to enable the labourer to purchase as many comforts and necessaries as he did before the rise in the price of those commodities. If his annual wages were before 24_l._, or six quarters of corn when the price was 4_l._ per quarter, he would probably receive only the value of five quarters when corn rose to 5_l._ per quarter. But five quarters would cost 25_l._; he would therefore receive an addition in his money wages, though with that addition he would be unable to furnish himself with the same quantity of corn and other commodities, which he had before consumed in his family.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位：Excerpt 105 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
人口增加，必需品价格会因生产需更多劳动而不断上涨。若货币工资下降而物价上涨，劳工将受双重打击，很快无法维生。因此货币工资不会下降反而会上升，但涨幅不足以买回原先的舒适品和必需品。例如原先年工资24镑可买6夸特每夸特4镑的谷物，谷价涨到5镑时他可能只得到5夸特的价值，却要花25镑，所以货币工资虽增，实际生活水平仍下降。
上下文
李嘉图在《政治经济学及赋税原理》中论述人口增长、谷物价格上涨与货币工资变动的关系。
今日一问
当名义收入上涨时，你是否算过它实际能买回多少东西？
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