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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 125

大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资

It will be seen then, that whatever rise may take place in the price of corn, in consequence of the necessity of employing more labour and capital to obtain a given additional quantity of produce, such rise will always be equalled in value by the additional rent, or additional labour employed; so that whether corn sells for 4_l._, 4_l._ 10_s._, or 5_l._ 2_s._ 10_d._, the farmer will obtain for that which remains to him, after paying rent, the same real value. Thus we see, that whether the produce belonging to the farmer be 180, 170, 160, or 150 quarters, he always obtains the same sum of 720_l._ for it; the price increasing in an inverse proportion to the quantity.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 125 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

核心是:为多产粮食而追加劳动和资本,会推高粮价,但涨价带来的好处会被追加的地租或追加的劳动抵消,农场主实际得到的真实价值不变。无论粮价是4镑、4镑10先令还是5镑2先令10便士,他交完地租后剩下的那部分,真实价值都一样。他手里的粮食无论是180、170、160还是150夸特,总能卖得720镑,因为价格与数量成反比。所以,农场主不会因粮价上涨而更富。

上下文

李嘉图用数字例子总结:边际产量下降导致粮价上涨,但涨价被地租和工资吸收,农场主真实收益不变。

今日一问

当价格上涨时,你是否会先分清,涨价的好处最终落到了谁手里?

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