投资 · 西方古典
大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 168
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
This will in some measure account for the different value of money in different countries; it will explain to us why the prices of home commodities, and those of great bulk, are, independently of other causes, higher in those countries where manufactures flourish. Of two countries having precisely the same population, and the same quantity of land of equal fertility in cultivation, with the same knowledge too of agriculture, the prices of raw produce will be highest in that where the greater skill, and the better machinery is used in the manufacture of exportable commodities. The rate of profits will probably differ but little; for wages, or the real reward of the labourer, may be the same in both; but those wages, as well as raw produce, will be rated higher in money in that country, into which, from the advantages attending their skill and machinery, an abundance of money is imported in exchange for their goods.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 168 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
这在一定程度上解释了各国货币价值不同,以及为何制造业繁荣的国家,国内商品和大宗商品价格更高(排除其他原因)。假设两国人口、土地肥力和农业知识相同,出口制成品技术更先进的国家,原材料价格更高。利润率可能相差不大,因为工资实际报酬可能相同,但工资和原材料在该国以货币计更高,因为其技术优势带来大量货币流入。核心是:制造业优势会通过货币流入推高国内物价,包括工资和原材料。
上下文
李嘉图总结制造业优势如何通过货币流入影响国内物价,解释各国货币价值差异。
今日一问
你是否注意到,制造业发达地区的生活成本往往更高,部分原因是货币流入推高了工资和物价?
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