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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 30
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
If we had then an invariable standard, by which we could measure the variation in other commodities, we should find that the utmost limit to which they could permanently rise, was proportioned to the additional quantity of labour required for their production; and that unless more labour were required for their production, they could not rise in any degree whatever. A rise of wages would not raise them in money value, nor relatively to any other commodities, the production of which required no additional quantity of labour, which employed the same proportion of fixed and circulating capital, and fixed capital of the same durability. If more or less labour were required in the production of the other commodity, we have already stated that this will immediately occasion an alteration in its relative value, but such alteration is owing to the altered quantity of requisite labour, and not to the rise of wages.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 30 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
如果我们有一个不变标准来衡量其他商品的变化,就会发现它们永久上涨的最高限度,与生产它们所需追加的劳动量成比例;除非需要更多劳动,否则它们根本不会上涨。工资上涨不会提高它们的货币价值,也不会提高它们相对于任何其他商品的价值——只要那些商品生产所需劳动量没变,且使用的固定资本与流动资本比例相同、固定资本耐用程度相同。如果其他商品生产所需劳动有变,那会立即改变相对价值,但原因在于劳动量变了,而不是工资涨了。
上下文
李嘉图总结工资上涨对商品价值的影响,强调劳动量是相对价值的根本决定因素。
今日一问
你能否区分价格变化中,哪些是劳动量变化引起的,哪些是工资变动引起的?
公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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