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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 50

大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资

Commodities, though they continue to rise and fall, in proportion as more or less labour is necessary to their production, are also affected in their relative value by a rise or fall of profits, since equal profits may be derived from goods which sell for 2,000_l._ and from those which sell for 10,000_l._; and consequently the variations of those profits, independently of any increased or diminished quantity of labour required for the goods in question, must affect their prices in different proportions.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 50 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

商品价值主要随生产所需劳动量增减而涨落,但相对价值还会受利润涨跌影响。原因是等量利润来自售价2000镑和10000镑的商品,利润变动对高价商品的价格影响比例不同。所以即使劳动量没变,利润变化也会按不同比例改变商品价格。做法是:比较商品价格时,要同时考虑劳动量和利润变动,不能只盯劳动成本。

上下文

李嘉图在讨论利润变动如何影响商品相对价值,这是他对劳动价值论的重要修正。

今日一问

你比较不同商品价格时,是否忽略了利润变动对高价商品的更大影响?

公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

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