投资 · 西方古典
托马斯·马尔萨斯:人口论·摘录 159
托马斯·马尔萨斯《人口论》· An Essay on the Principle of Population · 投资
Could we believe the statement of Dr Price that the population of England has decreased since the Revolution, it would even appear that the effectual funds for the maintenance of labour had been declining during the progress of wealth in other respects. For I conceive that it may be laid down as a general rule that if the effectual funds for the maintenance of labour are increasing, that is, if the territory can maintain as well as the stock employ a greater number of labourers, this additional number will quickly spring up, even in spite of such wars as Dr Price enumerates. And, consequently, if the population of any country has been stationary, or declining, we may safely infer, that, however it may have advanced in manufacturing wealth, its effectual funds for the maintenance of labour cannot have increased.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4239
定位:Excerpt 159 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
马尔萨斯提出一条一般规则:如果维持劳动的有效基金在增加,即土地能养活、资本能雇佣更多劳动者,那么即使有战争,人口也会迅速增长。反之,若人口停滞或下降,则可推断,无论制造业财富如何增长,有效基金并未增加。他借此反驳普赖斯博士关于英国人口自革命以来减少的说法,认为若人口真的减少,则有效基金也在下降。
上下文
马尔萨斯与普赖斯博士争论英国人口是否减少,以此检验有效基金理论。
今日一问
我们能否用人口变化反推一个社会的就业和生存资源状况?
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