投资 · 西方古典
托马斯·马尔萨斯:人口论·摘录 31
托马斯·马尔萨斯《人口论》· An Essay on the Principle of Population · 投资
These considerations are calculated to prevent, and certainly do prevent, a very great number in all civilized nations from pursuing the dictate of nature in an early attachment to one woman. And this restraint almost necessarily, though not absolutely so, produces vice. Yet in all societies, even those that are most vicious, the tendency to a virtuous attachment is so strong that there is a constant effort towards an increase of population. This constant effort as constantly tends to subject the lower classes of the society to distress and to prevent any great permanent amelioration of their condition.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4239
定位:Excerpt 31 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
在文明社会,很多人因为要养家、怕负担,不敢早早结婚,这种顾虑确实阻止了大量早婚。但这种克制往往带来恶习,比如嫖娼、私生子等。即便如此,人们向善成家的倾向仍然很强,人口总在增长。结果是,底层社会不断被推向贫困,生活条件很难有长久的大改善。马尔萨斯的意思是:道德约束虽好,但靠它解决不了人口压力;真正的出路是让穷人明白,结婚前要能养活家庭,否则贫困会反复出现。
上下文
马尔萨斯《人口论》第一版,讨论“预防性抑制”(道德约束、晚婚)及其副作用,认为人口压力主要落在底层。
今日一问
你或身边人是否因为经济压力推迟结婚生育?这种推迟带来了哪些意想不到的后果?
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