投资 · 西方古典
托斯丹·凡勃伦：有闲阶级论·摘录 15
托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资
The life of a given group would be characterised as peaceable so long as habitual recourse to combat has not brought the fight into the foreground in men's every day thoughts, as a dominant feature of the life of man. A group may evidently attain such a predatory attitude with a greater or less degree of completeness, so that its scheme of life and canons of conduct may be controlled to a greater or less extent by the predatory animus. The predatory phase of culture is therefore conceived to come on gradually, through a cumulative growth of predatory aptitudes habits, and traditions this growth being due to a change in the circumstances of the group's life, of such a kind as to develop and conserve those traits of human nature and those traditions and norms of conduct that make for a predatory rather than a peaceable life.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位：Excerpt 15 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
一个群体只要还没有习惯性地诉诸战斗，没有把争斗变成日常思维的前景和人类生活的主导特征，就可以说是和平的。一个群体可能或多或少地形成掠夺态度，其生活方式和行为准则也会不同程度地受掠夺精神控制。因此，掠夺文化被认为是逐渐到来的，通过掠夺才能、习惯和传统的累积增长，而这种增长源于群体生活环境的改变，这种改变发展和保存了那些导致掠夺而非和平生活的人性特质、传统和行为规范。
上下文
凡勃伦阐述掠夺文化是渐进累积的过程，而非突然出现，强调环境对人性特质的塑造。
今日一问
你周围有哪些习惯或传统，正在慢慢把人们推向更竞争而非合作的状态？
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