投资 · 西方古典
托斯丹·凡勃伦:有闲阶级论·摘录 28
托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资
But it is otherwise with the superior pecuniary class, with which we are here immediately concerned. For this class also the incentive to diligence and thrift is not absent; but its action is so greatly qualified by the secondary demands of pecuniary emulation, that any inclination in this direction is practically overborne and any incentive to diligence tends to be of no effect. The most imperative of these secondary demands of emulation, as well as the one of widest scope, is the requirement of abstention from productive work. This is true in an especial degree for the barbarian stage of culture. During the predatory culture labour comes to be associated in men's habits of thought with weakness and subjection to a master. It is therefore a mark of inferiority, and therefore comes to be accounted unworthy of man in his best estate. By virtue of this tradition labour is felt to be debasing, and this tradition has never died out. On the contrary, with the advance of social differentiation it has acquired the axiomatic force due to ancient and unquestioned prescription.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位:Excerpt 28 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
对于上层有钱阶级,情况不同。他们也有勤奋和节俭的动力,但攀比的要求太强,把这些动力压倒了。攀比最要紧的一条,就是不能从事生产性劳动。在掠夺文化阶段,劳动被看成软弱、服从主人的标志,是低贱的,不配给有身份的人。这个传统一直没消失,反而随着社会分化变得天经地义。所以有钱人往往以不干活为荣,甚至把节俭也抛在一边,因为炫耀性消费比攒钱更能证明地位。
上下文
凡勃伦分析有闲阶级如何通过免于劳动来证明地位,并追溯至掠夺文化阶段。
今日一问
你身边有没有人把“不用干活”当作身份象征?你怎么看?
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