投资 · 西方古典
托斯丹·凡勃伦：有闲阶级论·摘录 35
托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资
The lasting evidence of productive labour is its material product--commonly some article of consumption. In the case of exploit it is similarly possible and usual to procure some tangible result that may serve for exhibition in the way of trophy or booty. At a later phase of the development it is customary to assume some badge of insignia of honour that will serve as a conventionally accepted mark of exploit, and which at the same time indicates the quantity or degree of exploit of which it is the symbol. As the population increases in density, and as human relations grow more complex and numerous, all the details of life undergo a process of elaboration and selection; and in this process of elaboration the use of trophies develops into a system of rank, titles, degrees and insignia, typical examples of which are heraldic devices, medals, and honorary decorations.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位：Excerpt 35 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
生产劳动的持久证据是物质产品，通常是消费品；掠夺活动也能留下战利品或掠获物作展示。后来人们习惯用荣誉徽章作掠夺的公认标记，同时标示掠夺的数量或程度。人口越密、人际关系越复杂，生活细节就越被精炼和筛选；在这个过程中，战利品演变成等级、头衔、学位和徽章体系，纹章、奖章、荣誉勋章就是典型。核心是：荣誉标记从实物战利品抽象成符号系统。
上下文
凡勃伦追溯荣誉标志从战利品到纹章、奖章、学位等符号体系的演变。
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你拥有的证书、头衔和奖章，是在证明能力，还是在证明“我赢过”？
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