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托斯丹·凡勃伦:有闲阶级论·摘录 6

托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资

The tacit, common-sense distinction to-day is, in effect, that any effort is to be accounted industrial only so far as its ultimate purpose is the utilisation of non-human things. The coercive utilisation of man by man is not felt to be an industrial function; but all effort directed to enhance human life by taking advantage of the non-human environment is classed together as industrial activity. By the economists who have best retained and adapted the classical tradition, man's "power over nature" is currently postulated as the characteristic fact of industrial productivity. This industrial power over nature is taken to include man's power over the life of the beasts and over all the elemental forces. A line is in this way drawn between mankind and brute creation.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位:Excerpt 6 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

今天默认的常识区分实际上是:任何努力,只有其最终目的是利用非人的事物,才算工业。人 coercively 利用人不算工业功能;但一切通过利用非人环境来提升人类生活的努力,都归为工业活动。那些最好保留并调整古典传统经济学家,通常把人对自然的“权力”设为工业生产力的特征事实。这种工业权力包括人对兽类生命和所有自然力的权力。这样就在人类与兽类创造之间划了一条线。

上下文

凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》讨论现代工业定义如何以“利用非人事物”为标准,延续人与自然的二分。

今日一问

把“利用非人事物”作为工业的标准,是否忽略了人对人的服务(如护理、教育)的经济价值?

公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

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