健康 · 西方古典
爱比克泰德：论说集与手册·摘录 65
爱比克泰德《论说集与手册》· Discourses and Enchiridion · 行动 · 人性 · 健康 · 哲学
ABOUT FREEDOM.—He is free who lives as he wishes to live; who is neither subject to compulsion nor to hindrance, nor to force; whose movements to action ([Greek: hormai]) are not impeded, whose desires attain their purpose, and who does not fall into that which he would avoid ([Greek: echchliseis aperiptotoi]). Who then chooses to live in error? No man. Who chooses to live deceived, liable to mistake, unjust, unrestrained, discontented, mean? No man. Not one then of the bad lives as he wishes; nor is he then free. And who chooses to live in sorrow, fear, envy, pity, desiring and failing in his desires, attempting to avoid something and falling into it? Not one. Do we then find any of the bad free from sorrow, free from fear, who does not fall into that which he would avoid, and does not obtain that which he wishes? Not one; nor then do we find any bad man free.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/10661
定位：Excerpt 65 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
自由不是想做什么就做什么，而是能按照自己真正想要的方式生活，不受强迫、阻碍和暴力，行动不受阻，欲望能达成，想避开的事不会落到头上。没有人会选择活在错误、欺骗、不义、放纵、不满和卑劣之中。所以坏人没有一个人是照自己愿望活的，也就没有自由。同样，没有人选择悲伤、恐惧、嫉妒、怜悯，没有人愿意欲望落空、想躲的却躲不掉。因此坏人没有一个免于悲伤和恐惧，也没有一个能如愿以偿。结论就是：坏人没有自由。
上下文
爱比克泰德在《语录》中讨论自由，认为真正的自由是内在的，与外在身份无关。
健康板块的原文与白话解读仅供阅读学习，不构成医疗建议。
今日一问
我今天做的哪个选择，其实是被恐惧或欲望牵着走，而不是出于自己的判断？
公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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