希腊罗马名人传·摘录 101 · 普鲁塔克

And when the people were eager to make an expedition against the Boeotians, he at first opposed it; and on his friends telling him the people would kill him, for always running counter to them, "That will be unjust of them," he said, "if I give them honest advice, if not, it will be just of them.'' But when he found them persisting and shouting to him to lead them out, he commanded the crier to make proclamation, that all the Athenians under sixty should instantly provide themselves with five days' provision, and follow him from the assembly. This caused a great tumult. Those in years were startled, and clamored against the order; he demanded wherein he injured them, "For I," says he, "am now fourscore, and am ready to lead you." This succeeded in pacifying them for the present.

出处： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/674
定位：Excerpt 101 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录

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面对民众急于出征，他先反对；朋友说民众会杀他，他答：若我谏言正直，杀我不义；否则也算公道。见民众坚持，他让传令官宣布：六十岁以下雅典人立即备五日粮随他出发。众人哗然，年长者抗议；他问自己哪里害了他们，说：我已八十，也准备带队。此举暂时平息了众人。

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普鲁塔克《希腊罗马名人传》中记载雅典政治家福基翁的事迹，展现其以智谋引导民众而非强行对抗的统治风格。

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当你面对群体压力时，能否像福基翁一样用巧妙的示范而非强硬对抗来化解？

公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

健康 · 李时珍《本草纲目》

權曰︰酸，有小毒。入藥炒用。杲曰︰沉也，陰中陽也。張仲景曰︰葶藶敷頭瘡，藥氣入腦，殺人。之才曰︰榆皮爲之使，得酒良，惡白僵蠶、石龍芮。時珍曰︰宜大棗。【主治】症瘕，積聚，結氣，飲食，寒熱，破堅，逐邪，通利水道（《本經》）。下膀胱水，伏留熱氣，皮間邪水上出，面目浮腫，身暴中風，熱痱癢，利小腹。久服令人虛（《別錄》）。療肺壅上氣咳嗽，止喘促，除胸中痰飲（《開寶》）。通月經（時珍）。【發明】杲曰︰葶藶大降氣，與辛酸同用，以導腫氣。《本草十劑…

甄权说葶苈味酸，有小毒，入药要炒用。李杲说它沉降，是阴中阳。张仲景说葶苈敷头疮，药气入脑会杀人。徐之才说榆皮为使，得酒良，恶白僵蚕、石龙芮。李时珍说宜配大枣。主治症瘕积聚、结气、饮食寒热，破坚逐邪，通利水道；下膀胱水，伏留热气，皮间邪水上出，面目浮肿，身暴中风，热痱瘙痒，利小腹；久服令人虚。疗肺壅上气咳嗽，止喘促，除胸中痰饮；通月经。李杲说葶苈大降气，与辛酸同用导肿气。《本草十剂》说泄可去闭，葶苈、大黄之类，二味都大苦寒，一泄血闭，一泄气闭。葶苈苦寒气味俱厚，不减大黄，性更猛，泄阳分肺中闭，也能泄大便，因为体轻象阳。

投资 · 陈梦雷等（编）《钦定古今图书集成·食货典》

武平路饑，免今歲田租。桓州等驛饑，以鈔給之。十二月丁丑，蠡州饑，發義倉糧賑之。辛巳，平灤大水傷稼，免其租。徙瓮吉剌民戶貧乏者就食六盤。丁亥，河間、保定二路饑，發義倉糧賑之，仍免今歲田租。木鄰站經亂乏食，給九十日糧。庚寅，禿木合之地霜殺稼，禿魯花之地饑，給九十日糧。乙未，命甘肅行省賑千戶也先所部人戶之饑者，給鈔賑黃兀兒月良站人戶。庚子，武平饑，以糧二萬三千六百石賑之。伯顏遣使來言邊民乏食。詔賜網罟，使取魚自給。拔都昔剌所部阿速戶饑，出粟…

核心是赈灾同时减免田租，并允许边民捕鱼自救。武平路饥荒免当年田租；桓州驿站缺粮给钞；蠡州发义仓粮；平滦水灾免租；迁贫困民户到六盘就食；河间、保定发义仓粮并免租；木邻站因战乱给九十天粮；霜灾、饥荒给粮；甘肃行省赈千户部众，给钞赈驿站；武平发粮二万三千六百石；伯颜报告边民缺食，朝廷赐渔网让其捕鱼自给；阿速户饥荒发粟七千四百七十石。做法是减免税负、移民就食、发放钱粮、提供生产工具，让灾民有自救能力。

事业 · 布克·T·华盛顿《力争上游》

I have heard it stated more than once, both in the North and in the South, that coloured people would not obey and respect each other when one member of the race is placed in a position of authority over others. In…

我多次听到南北方的说法：有色人种不会服从和尊重本族中处于权威地位的人。针对这种普遍看法，我可以讲，在塔斯基吉十九年里，我从没被任何学生或职员言语或行为上不尊重过。相反，我常因许多体贴的善意而不好意思。学生似乎不愿看我抱着大书、提包或任何重物走过校园，总有人主动来帮忙。下雨时我几乎每次出办公室，都有学生拿着伞来，请求为我撑伞。这说明尊重不是靠种族，而是靠公正和以身作则赢得的。

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