Adam Smith:The Wealth of Nations, Book II, Chapter I, Paragraph 692
Adam Smith《The Wealth of Nations》· Book II, Chapter I · Investing
Thirdly, of the improvements of land, of what has been profitably laid out in clearing, draining, inclosing, manuring, and reducing it into the condition most proper for tillage and culture. An improved farm may very justly be regarded in the same light as those useful machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and by means of which an equal circulating capital can afford a much greater revenue to its employer. An improved farm is equally advantageous and more durable than any of those machines, frequently requiring no other repairs than the most profitable application of the farmer’s capital employed in cultivating it.
We were then shipping a large quantity of oil by lake and canal, to save in transportation, and it took additional capital to carry these shipments; and we required to borrow a large amount of money. We had already made…
We were then shipping a large quantity of oil by lake and canal, to save in transportation, and it took additional capital to carry these shipments; and we required to borrow a large amount of money. We had already made…
Adam Smith:The Wealth of Nations, Book IV, Chapter VII, Paragraph 1412
Adam Smith《The Wealth of Nations》· Book IV, Chapter VII · Investing
It has partly been driven from them, by the advantage which the high rate of profit established in Great Britain gives to other countries, in all the different branches of trade of which Great Britain has not the monopoly.
We were then shipping a large quantity of oil by lake and canal, to save in transportation, and it took additional capital to carry these shipments; and we required to borrow a large amount of money. We had already made…
Henry Ford《My Life and Work》· Chapter V · Leadership
The factory keeps no record of experiments. The foremen and superintendents remember what has been done. If a certain method has formerly been tried and failed, somebody will remember it--but I am not particularly anxious for the men to remember what someone else has tried to do in the past, for then we might quickly accumulate far too many things that could not be done. That is one of the troubles with extensive records. If you keep on recording all of your failures you will shortly have a list showing that there is nothing left for you to try--whereas it by no means follows because one man has failed in a certain method that another man will not succeed.
Charlie Munger《USC Law School Commencement Address (2007)》· The iron prescription · Cognition · Decision · Character
I’m not entitled to have an opinion on this subject unless I can state the arguments against my position better than the people do who are supporting it.
Earn the right to an opinion by stating the opposing case better than its supporters.
Context
Munger called this his “iron prescription”: you are not entitled to an opinion unless you can state the strongest opposing case better than its supporters can. The rule targets the human tendency to favor one's own side. It requires defending the other side seriously before speaking.
Today's question
How well can you state the strongest case against an opinion you recently held?