My investments now began to require so much of my personal attention that I resolved to leave the service of the railway company and devote myself exclusively to my own affairs. I had been honored a short time before…
My investments now began to require so much of my personal attention that I resolved to leave the service of the railway company and devote myself exclusively to my own affairs. I had been honored a short time before…
Benjamin Graham:Diversification and Margin of Safety
Benjamin Graham《The Intelligent Investor》· Chapter 20, Margin of Safety as the Central Concept of Investment · Investing · Decision · Wealth
Diversification is an established tenet of conservative investment. By accepting it so universally, investors are really demonstrating their acceptance of the margin-of-safety principle, to which diversification is the companion.
Diversification is the practical companion of the margin-of-safety principle.
Context
Graham treated diversification not as mere “buying more names” but as the companion of the margin-of-safety principle. Even a margin of safety cannot prevent any single security from turning out badly; spreading enough independent commitments makes the aggregate result more reliable. The logic resembles insurance underwriting.
Today's question
Could one wrong judgment in your portfolio be catastrophic—and is diversification protecting you or diluting your edge?
My investments now began to require so much of my personal attention that I resolved to leave the service of the railway company and devote myself exclusively to my own affairs. I had been honored a short time before…
John D. Rockefeller:Random Reminiscences of Men and Events, Excerpt 18
John D. Rockefeller《Random Reminiscences of Men and Events》· Chapter I · Leadership
We were then shipping a large quantity of oil by lake and canal, to save in transportation, and it took additional capital to carry these shipments; and we required to borrow a large amount of money. We had already made extensive loans from another bank, whose president informed me that his board of directors had been making inquiries respecting our large line of discounts, and had stated that they would probably want to talk with me on the subject. I answered that I would be very glad of the opportunity to meet the board, as we would require a great deal more money from the bank. Suffice it to say, we got all we wanted, but I was not asked to call for any further explanations.
Andrew Carnegie:Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie, Excerpt 45
Andrew Carnegie《Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie》· Chapter VII · Leadership
"Well," he said, "Mr. Potts" (who was then superintendent of the Pittsburgh Division) "is to be promoted to the transportation department in Philadelphia and I recommended you to the president as his successor. He agreed to give you a trial. What salary do you think you should have?"