事业 · 创业者自述
安德鲁·卡内基:安德鲁·卡内基自传·补录 351
安德鲁·卡内基《安德鲁·卡内基自传》· Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie · 领导
One great advantage which America will have in competing in the markets of the world is that her manufacturers will have the best home market. Upon this they can depend for a return upon capital, and the surplus product can be exported with advantage, even when the prices received for it do not more than cover actual cost, provided the exports be charged with their proportion of all expenses. The nation that has the best home market, especially if products are standardized, as ours are, can soon outsell the foreign producer. The phrase I used in Britain in this connection was: "The Law of the Surplus." It afterward came into general use in commercial discussions.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/17976
定位:Additional excerpt 351 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
卡内基提出“剩余法则”:美国制造商最大的优势是拥有最好的国内市场。先靠国内市场收回资本,剩下的产品再出口,哪怕出口价只够覆盖实际成本,只要分摊了相应费用,也不亏。因为国内市场大、产品标准化,就能比外国生产商卖得更便宜。核心是:用本土市场保本,用剩余产能打海外,价格战就有底气。做法是先稳住基本盘,把固定成本摊薄,再用边际成本定价出口,不指望每单都赚大钱。
上下文
卡内基在自传中总结美国钢铁业竞争世界市场的策略,提出“剩余法则”。
今日一问
你的基本盘够不够稳,能支撑你用剩余产能去试新市场?
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