投资 · 西方古典
大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 161
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
It is thus that the money of each country is apportioned to it in such quantities only as may be necessary to regulate a profitable trade of barter. England exported cloth in exchange for wine, because by so doing, her industry was rendered more productive to her; she had more cloth and wine than if she had manufactured both for herself; and Portugal imported cloth, and exported wine, because the industry of Portugal could be more beneficially employed for both countries in producing wine. Let there be more difficulty in England in producing cloth, or in Portugal in producing wine, or let there be more facility in England in producing wine, or in Portugal in producing cloth, and the trade must immediately cease.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 161 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
每个国家的货币量会自动调整到只够维持有利可图的物物交换贸易。英国出口布换酒,是因为这样它的产业更有效率,能获得比自产两者更多的布和酒;葡萄牙进口布、出口酒,是因为它的产业用于产酒对两国都更有利。如果英国产布更难、葡萄牙产酒更难,或英国产酒更容易、葡萄牙产布更容易,贸易就会立刻停止。核心是:贸易基于比较优势,货币量自动适应。做法是:专注自己更擅长的生产,通过交换获得更多。
上下文
李嘉图在此阐述比较优势原理,说明贸易的基础是各国生产率的相对差异。
今日一问
你目前的工作或生意,是否聚焦在自己相对更擅长的环节上?
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