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托斯丹·凡勃伦:有闲阶级论·摘录 7

托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资

In other times and among men imbued with a different body of preconceptions this line is not drawn precisely as we draw it to-day. In the savage or the barbarian scheme of life it is drawn in a different place and in another way. In all communities under the barbarian culture there is an alert and pervading sense of antithesis between two comprehensive groups of phenomena, in one of which barbarian man includes himself, and in the other, his victual. There is a felt antithesis between economic and non-economic phenomena, but it is not conceived in the modern fashion; it lies not between man and brute creation, but between animate and inert things.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位:Excerpt 7 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

不同时代的人对事物的分类方式不一样。我们现代人习惯把人和动物分开,但野蛮人不是这样。他们觉得有生命的东西(包括自己)是一类,没生命的东西(比如食物、工具)是另一类。他们区分的是“活的”和“死的”,而不是“人”和“兽”。所以,在他们眼里,打猎和种地是两回事:打猎是跟活物打交道,种地是摆弄死物。这种分类影响了他们对什么工作算光荣、什么工作算低贱的看法。

上下文

凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》讨论早期社会对经济活动的分类,认为野蛮文化中人们以“ animate vs. inert”区分事物,而非现代的人与兽。

今日一问

我们今天习以为常的分类方式,是否也隐藏着某种未被察觉的偏见?

公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

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