投资 · 现代投资信
霍华德·马克斯:风险·第5则
霍华德·马克斯《《风险》》· Risk · 投资 · 财富 · 决策 · 成长
Underperformance – Let’s say an investment manager knows she can’t get more money from a client no matter how well she does, but she’s sure she’ll lose the account if she fails to keep up with some index. That’s “benchmark risk,” and she can eliminate it by emulating the index. But every investor who’s unwilling to throw in the towel on outperformance, and who chooses to deviate from the index in its pursuit, will have periods of significant underperformance. In fact, since many of the best investors stick most strongly to their approach – and since no approach will work all the time – the best investors can have some of the greatest periods of underperformance.
出处:
https://www.oaktreecapital.com/docs/default-source/memos/2006-01-19-risk.pdf
定位:Memo, excerpt 5 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
假设一个基金经理知道,业绩再好也拿不到更多钱,可一旦跑输某个指数,客户就会撤资。这就是基准风险,她只要照着指数买就能躲开。但任何想跑赢指数、愿意偏离指数的人,都必然会有明显跑输的阶段。原因很简单:没有哪种方法能一直有效,而最好的投资者往往最坚持自己的方法,所以他们的跑输期有时反而更难看。取舍在于,你要短期安稳,还是要长期超额收益。
上下文
马克斯在《风险》中讨论职业投资者面临的基准压力,说明偏离指数追求超额收益必然伴随阶段性落后。
今日一问
你能接受自己的方法连续几年跑输,而不中途改弦更张吗?
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