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普鲁塔克：希腊罗马名人传·摘录 16
普鲁塔克《希腊罗马名人传》· Plutarch's Lives · 领导 · 健康 · 认知 · 心性
Another commendable law of Solon's is that which forbids men to speak evil of the dead; for it is pious to think the deceased sacred, and just, not to meddle with those that are gone, and politic, to prevent the perpetuity of discord. He likewise forbade them to speak evil of the living in the temples, the courts of justice, the public offices, or at the games, or else to pay three drachmas to the person, and two to the public. For never to be able to control passion shows a weak nature and ill-breeding; and always to moderate it is very hard, and to some impossible. And laws must look to possibilities, if the maker designs to punish few in order to their amendment, and not many to no purpose.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/674
定位：Excerpt 16 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
梭伦还有一条值得称赞的法律：禁止说死者的坏话。因为把逝者视为神圣是虔诚的，不纠缠已去的人是公正的，防止仇恨永续是明智的。他也禁止在神庙、法庭、公共机关或赛会中说活人的坏话，违者赔当事人三德拉克马、公家两德拉克马。因为控制不住情绪显得软弱没教养，而总能节制很难，对有些人不可能。立法者要顾及可能性，若想惩罚少数人以改正，而不是惩罚多数人却无效果。
上下文
普鲁塔克《梭伦传》记梭伦关于诽谤与言论场合的立法。
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