Topic
Investing
Read by theme, not by timeline.
Berkshire 2019 Letter, Excerpt 4
Meanwhile, in what we might call the real world, as opposed to accounting-land, Berkshire’s equity holdings averaged about $200 billion during the…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2020 Letter, Excerpt 1
Berkshire earned $42.5 billion in 2020 according to generally accepted accounting principles (commonly called “GAAP”). The four components of that…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2020 Letter, Excerpt 2
Operating earnings are what count most, even during periods when they are not the largest item in our GAAP total. Our focus at Berkshire is both to…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2020 Letter, Excerpt 3
The two GAAP components pertaining to capital gains or losses (whether realized or unrealized) fluctuate capriciously from year to year, reflecting…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2020 Letter, Excerpt 4
As I’ve emphasized many times, Charlie and I view Berkshire’s holdings of marketable stocks – at yearend worth $281 billion – as a collection of…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2021 Letter, Excerpt 1
Berkshire owns a wide variety of businesses, some in their entirety, some only in part. The second group largely consists of marketable common stocks…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2021 Letter, Excerpt 2
Whatever our form of ownership, our goal is to have meaningful investments in businesses with both durable economic advantages and a first-class CEO.…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2021 Letter, Excerpt 3
I make many mistakes. Consequently, our extensive collection of businesses includes some enterprises that have truly extraordinary economics, many…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2021 Letter, Excerpt 4
Early in 1965, things changed. Berkshire installed new management that redeployed available cash and steered essentially all earnings into a…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2022 Letter, Excerpt 1
Charlie and I allocate your savings at Berkshire between two related forms of ownership. First, we invest in businesses that we control, usually…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2022 Letter, Excerpt 2
Our goal in both forms of ownership is to make meaningful investments in businesses with both long-lasting favorable economic characteristics and…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2022 Letter, Excerpt 3
One advantage of our publicly-traded segment is that – episodically – it becomes easy to buy pieces of wonderful businesses at wonderful prices. It’s…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2022 Letter, Excerpt 4
Controlled businesses are a different breed. They sometimes command ridiculously higher prices than justified but are almost never available at…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2023 Letter, Excerpt 1
In what I next relate, bear in mind that Charlie and his family did not have a dime invested in the small investing partnership that I was then…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2023 Letter, Excerpt 2
Nevertheless, Charlie, in 1965, promptly advised me: “Warren, forget about ever buying another company like Berkshire. But now that you control…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2023 Letter, Excerpt 3
************ Writers find it useful to picture the reader they seek, and often they are hoping to attract a mass audience. At Berkshire, we have a…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2023 Letter, Excerpt 4
We, however, are left uncomfortable. At Berkshire, our view is that “earnings” should be a sensible concept that Bertie will find somewhat useful –…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2024 Letter, Excerpt 1
Sometimes I’ve made mistakes in assessing the future economics of a business I’ve purchased for Berkshire – each a case of capital allocation gone…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2024 Letter, Excerpt 2
Pete paused as his wife, daughter and I leaned forward. Then he surprised us: “Well, I looked at Berkshire’s proxy statement and I wouldn’t want to…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2024 Letter, Excerpt 3
The four of us then went to dinner at Omaha’s Happy Hollow Club and lived happily ever after. During the next 19 years, Pete shot the lights out.…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
Berkshire 2024 Letter, Excerpt 4
But I’ve also had many pleasant surprises in both the potential of the business as well as the ability and fidelity of the manager. And our…
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Investing · Modern investor letters
The Edge of Competence
And Warren and I don't feel like we have any great advantage in the high-tech sector. In fact, we feel like we're at a big disadvantage in trying…
Berkshire avoids high tech out of an honest assessment of its competence, not disdain.
Investing · Decision · Character · Modern investor letters
Margin of Safety
Confronted with a like challenge to distill the secret of sound investment into three words, we venture the motto, MARGIN OF SAFETY.
Graham reduces sound investing to three words: margin of safety.
Investing · Decision · Wealth · Modern investor letters
Voting Machine and Weighing Machine
The stock market is a voting machine rather than a weighing machine. It responds to factual data not directly but only as they affect the decisions…
Prices reflect human reactions, not precise mechanical valuations.
Investing · Cognition · Human nature · Modern investor letters
Put All Good Eggs in One Basket
I determined that the proper policy was "to put all good eggs in one basket and then watch that basket."
Concentrate on one industry and watch the basket closely.
Investing · Growth · Decision · Entrepreneur memoirs
Long-Term Market Leadership
We will continue to make investment decisions in light of long-term market leadership considerations rather than short-term profitability…
Choose long-term market leadership over short-term profit and Wall Street reactions.
Investing · Leadership · Decision · Modern investor letters
Two Faces of Long-Termism
拼多多将是个勇于投资未来,立足长远的公司。
Pinduoduo will invest for the long term even when that looks aggressive or conservative.
Investing · Growth · Decision · Entrepreneur memoirs
Accounting Is Only an Approximation
But you have to know enough about it to understand its limitations—because although accounting is the starting place, it's only a crude approximation.
Accounting is the starting point of analysis, but only a crude approximation.
Investing · Cognition · Decision · Modern investor letters
Competition in the Airline Business
Competition was so intense that, once it was unleashed by deregulation, it ravaged shareholder wealth in the airline business.
Intense competition in a commodity industry can destroy shareholder wealth.
Investing · Growth · Human nature · Modern investor letters
The Circle of Competence
Every person is going to have a circle of competence. And it's going to be very hard to advance that circle.
Everyone has a circle of competence, and expanding it is hard.
Investing · Character · Decision · Modern investor letters
Defensive vs. Enterprising
The determining trait of the enterprising (or active, or aggressive) investor is his willingness to devote time and care to the selection of…
The enterprising investor is defined by the willingness to do the work of selection.
Investing · Character · Action · Modern investor letters
Inflation and Stock Prices
There is no close time connection between inflationary (or deflationary) conditions and the movement of common-stock earnings and prices.
Inflation does not move stock earnings and prices on a predictable timetable.
Investing · History · Cognition · Modern investor letters
Mr. Market
If you are a prudent investor or a sensible businessman, will you let Mr. Market’s daily communication determine your view of the value of a $1,000…
The market's daily quote should not determine your view of value.
Investing · Human nature · Decision · Modern investor letters
Diversification and Margin of Safety
Diversification is an established tenet of conservative investment. By accepting it so universally, investors are really demonstrating their…
Diversification is the practical companion of the margin-of-safety principle.
Investing · Decision · Wealth · Modern investor letters
Investment vs. Speculation
An investment operation is one which, upon thorough analysis, promises safety of principal and a satisfactory return. Operations not meeting these…
Investment requires thorough analysis, safety of principal, and a satisfactory return; otherwise it is speculation.
Investing · Decision · Philosophy · Modern investor letters
Intrinsic Value Needs Only Approximation
The essential point is that security analysis does not seek to determine exactly what is the intrinsic value of a given security.
Security analysis seeks an adequate approximation of value, not an exact number.
Investing · Cognition · Decision · Modern investor letters
The Limits of Market Timing
It is our view that stock-market timing cannot be done, with general success, unless the time to buy is related to an attractive price level, as…
Market timing only works when tied to analytically attractive prices, not to market signals alone.
Investing · Decision · Cognition · Modern investor letters
Withstanding Adversity
The rule that a sound investment must be able to withstand adversity seems self-evident enough to be termed a truism.
A sound investment must be able to survive adversity, not just prosper in good times.
Investing · Character · Decision · Modern investor letters